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AWS BASIC

AWS Cloud Architecture – Complete Core Notes

☁️ AWS (Amazon Web Services) – Complete Core Notes

Cloud Fundamentals, Compute (EC2), Object Storage (S3), Security (IAM), Managed Databases aur Networking ka practical reference guide.

1️⃣ AWS Kya Hai?

Definition: Amazon Web Services (AWS) duniya ka sabse comprehensive aur widely-used cloud computing platform hai jo on-demand computing power, storage, databases aur networking capabilities internet ke through deliver karta hai.

Cloud Advantage: Physical data centers ya servers khareedne aur maintain karne ke bajay companies apni requirement ke hisab se cloud resources rent par leti hain aur use band hone par release kar deti hain.
  • Pay-as-you-go Pricing: Jitna resource jitne ghanto ke liye use hoga, sirf utna hi payment karna padta hai (No upfront capital expense).
  • Elastic Scalability: Traffic aane par servers automatically scale-up ho jate hain aur traffic kam hone par scale-down (Auto Scaling).
  • Global Presence: Duniya bhar me spread Regions aur Availability Zones (AZs) ke sath high availability aur disaster recovery provide karta hai.

2️⃣ AWS Core Service Domains

Domain Core AWS Services Primary Function
Compute EC2, Lambda, ECS Virtual machines run karna aur event-driven serverless code execute karna.
Storage S3, EBS, EFS Static files, virtual disks aur scalable shared file storage manage karna.
Database RDS, DynamoDB Managed Relational (SQL) aur NoSQL serverless databases host karna.
Networking VPC, Route 53, CloudFront Isolated private cloud networks, DNS routing aur global CDN content delivery.
Security IAM, KMS, Security Groups User authentication, roles, encryption keys aur firewall firewall rules.

3️⃣ AWS Account Setup & Console

  1. AWS Portal: aws.amazon.com par jaakar "Create an AWS Account" select karein.
  2. Free Tier Benefits: Naye accounts ko 12 mahine tak t2.micro / t3.micro EC2 instance (750 hours/month) aur 5GB S3 standard storage free milta hai.
  3. Root User Protection: Account bante hi root user par MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication) enable karein aur daily work ke liye individual IAM users create karein.
  4. Management Console: Web dashboard jahan se 200+ AWS cloud services search aur configure ki jaati hain.

4️⃣ Key Services At A Glance

Service Name Type Industrial Use-Case
EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) IaaS (Compute) Web applications, Node/Python backends aur customized OS servers host karna.
S3 (Simple Storage Service) Object Storage Images, videos, static React/HTML websites aur automated backups store karna.
RDS (Relational Database) Managed DB MySQL, PostgreSQL ya MariaDB jisme automated patch aur backup AWS handle karta hai.
AWS Lambda Serverless FaaS Bina server manage kiye direct code execute karna (Pay per invocation).
Route 53 DNS Management Custom domain names ko AWS EC2 ya CloudFront se connect karna.
Interactive AWS Monthly Cost Estimator
Compute (EC2): $15.00/mo | S3 Storage (100 GB): $2.30/mo
Managed RDS Database: $18.00/mo
Estimated Total Cloud Infrastructure Spend: ~$35.30 / month

5️⃣ EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) Workflow

Virtual server launch karne ka 4-step deployment cycle:

  1. AMI Selection: OS choose karein (Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, Amazon Linux 2023, RedHat).
  2. Instance Sizing: Workload ke mutabiq CPU aur RAM configure karein (e.g. t3.micro).
  3. Security Group (Firewall): Inbound traffic rules define karein:
    • Port 22 (SSH) → Server command access ke liye (Restrict to My IP).
    • Port 80 / 443 (HTTP/HTTPS) → Public website access ke liye (0.0.0.0/0).
  4. Key Pair & SSH Connect: Private key (.pem file) download karke terminal se connect karein:
# Linux / Mac / WSL Terminal se connect karein
chmod 400 my-key.pem
ssh -i "my-key.pem" ubuntu@ec2-public-ip-address

6️⃣ S3 (Simple Storage Service)

Definition: 99.999999999% (11 9's) durability provide karne wala highly-reliable object storage system.

  • Buckets: Files store karne ke top-level containers (Bucket name poore globally unique hona mandatory hai).
  • Storage Classes: S3 Standard (Frequent access), S3 Infrequent Access (IA), aur S3 Glacier (Long-term cheap backup).
# AWS CLI se S3 buckets manage karna
aws s3 mb s3://my-unique-app-bucket-2026        # Create bucket
aws s3 cp document.pdf s3://my-unique-app-bucket-2026/ # Upload file
aws s3 sync ./build s3://my-react-website/           # Deploy React frontend

7️⃣ IAM (Identity & Access Management)

Definition: AWS environment me authentication (kaun login kar sakta hai) aur authorization (kya access kar sakta hai) control karne wali security backbone.

IAM Entity Concept Industry Best Practice
IAM Users Organization ke actual developers ya administrators. Root user credentials daily use me lock rakhein.
IAM Roles Temporary credentials jo services (jaise EC2 ya Lambda) ko assign hote hain. Hardcoded API keys code me commit karne ke bajay IAM Roles attach karein.
IAM Policies JSON documents jo explicit permissions grant ya deny karte hain. Principle of Least Privilege: Sirf utni hi access dein jitni kaam ke liye zaroori ho.

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